keith



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

J. KEITH.

SEGTIONAL WATER BOILER. No; 409,041. Patented Aug. 13, 1889.

(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. KEITH.

, SBGTIONAL WATER BOILER.

No. 409,041. Patented Aug. 13, 1889 N4 PETERS, Phwlu-Limnm her, Washington, BIC.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES KEITH, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

SECTIONAL WATER-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION'forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,041, dated August 13, 1889. Application filed December 13, 1838. Serial No. 293,522. (No model.) Patented in England July 3, 1879, No. 2,709.

To aZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that 1, JAMES KEITH, a citizen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 57 l-Iolborn Viaduct, in the city of London, England, have invented new and useful Improvement-s in Sectional Hot vVater Boilers, (which have not been patented in any country, except Great Britain by Letters Patent dated the 3d day of July, 1879, No. 2,709,) and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art or manufacture to which it relates to make and use the same.

This invention relates 'to'sectional hot-water boilers; and it consists of improvements in the construction of such boilers, the improved boiler being composed of a fire-box or grate and a series of superposed horizontal sections, each formed by a hollow annulus of rectangular or other form in plan and with hollow cross-bars and having openings at the corners, which, when the parts are fitted together, constitute vertical columns, through which the water heated in the annuli and cross-bars circulates, and bolts for connecting and securing the parts together may pass.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan, of the improved sectional boiler. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken at the line 1 1 in Fig. 4, which is a plan view of one of the sections. Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken at the line 2 2 in Fig. 4c, and Fig. 6 is a plan of the fire grate or fire-box section of the boiler. Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a plan and vertical section of a modified form of the fire-box section.

The sections A A of which the boiler is composed are made of cast-iron or steel and superposed or built up one above another in a vertical series to any desired height, and the Weight of the whole is supported by a metallic stand or box-base A on which the lowest section A is fitted. The water circulates freely round each section, and from section to section through vertical openings A, formed ateach corner in the rectangular form of boiler shown, or at convenientlyspaced openings in round or other shaped forms, which openings A form a vertical water-column from top to bottom, while the waterspaces also extend across from each side of .the upper sections through several sets of cross-tubes or hollow bars B B, formed on or connected to the annuli of the sections at each end, the central parts or the .whole of those cross-tubes B being also connected together by short branch tubes B. when found desirable, so that the whole may oifer an extensive surface to the action of the fire or hot products of combustion and allow of free upward flow of the water as it becomes heated.

Over the sections A A is atop section A forming a water-dome through which the products of combustion pass into asmoke bend or T-piece 0, leading to the chimney, and which is provided with the usual damper c and airregulator c. The dome A' is made in two parts jointed together, as shown, preferably with two or more transverse inclined passages a, extending from the inner to the outer part of the dome, being thus made that it may be readily cast without the use of cores. 'All the sections are bound together by strong long bolts D,'preferably passing internally through the corners at A", and screwed up or fastened by nuts or studs D at the top, and screwed into the bottom of the lowest section, as best seen in Figs. 4. and 5; or the bolts may go through the bottom of the lowest section and be fastened either with a nut or bolt-head below. The bolts D pass through the circulating or water spaces of each section; or thesaid bolts can be placed outside, the boiler being fastened at each end by nuts after passing through strong lugs or flanges cast on top and bottom sections. The joint-surfaces between each section A are faced, and each formed with an outer bead a on it to retain the section immediately above it in its place, and the joints to are formed of asbestus, mill-board, or other suitable jointing material.

Part of the lower sections have no crosscirculating heating-tubes B, and simply form annular sections or chambers A, connected together vertically at the corners A", as described. The fire rests within these lower sections A, which together constitute a furnace-chamber,which is provided with a firingdoor. The firing-door E is bolted onto the sides of the boiler by bolts passing through between the sections, so that noholes require to be tapped in the sections for this purpose, thus avoiding any liability of leakage. The whole of the sections being in direct communication with each other through the vertical openings A, and water flowing or circulating freely through all parts exposed to the fire a constant internal circulationiskept up inside the boiler from the lower section A, into which the water is admitted by an inlet branch tube or tubes F, bolted to it at any suitable point or points on the lowest section, the water flowing through the various sections to the upper dome-section A immediately the fire acts on the boiler, unequal expansion being prevented and great heating and circulating power obtained.

Soot and cleaning doors G G are fitted in the upper sections A and bolted to the boiler in the same manner as the furnace-door, or by studs or bolts passing into lugs on the sides of the sections, and these cleaning-doors can be placed in front and back and on the sides of boiler, or wherever necessary. The sections are partly cut away opposite the doors G G, for convenience of inserting a brush in cleaning the soot off the cross-tubes l 3, and suitable plugs are also liberally provided in or through the various sections to be taken out for clearing out sediment from the interior of the tubes 13 13 or 3.

The sections can be made in various modified forms and sizes to suit either for the burning of coal, coke, charcoal, wood, gas, or residuary mineral or other oils as fuel. Besides the admission-socket and spigot or branch or branches F for admitting the water to the lowest section, a similar branch or branches 1?" is or are attached to other pipes, to hotwater-heatin g pipes, cisterns, or other vessels. The boiler may rest on studs J on the top of a loose metal. base box-plate (t fitted on the base or stand A; or it may rest directly on the stand A as shown by the form of lowest section in Figs. 7 and 8, in which a watercasing a? is formed outside and underneath the fire-bricks, the stand A being provided with a dumping or capsizing lire-grate or set of bars K, operated by levers it. These bars have a few cross-bars in center, if necessary, and a hinged ash-pan door E, with air-regulators and other attachments, is provided in front. Next to or round the grate-bars molded fire-bricks L are placed under or into the recesses formed in the lower section A of the boiler on the top of the base-plate a or on the top of the lowest or horizontal water-lined part of the lowest section, as shown at Figs. 7 and 8, in order to keep the fire bright and sharp next the bars, these bricks being kept in position by a rim cast 011 the base-plate (t inside and by a neat metal casing a, on the outside, making a finish between the lower section A and the top of the base and against the boiler and bricks, and the four sides are held firmly in position by four circular corner-plates a screwed to them, and removable for renewing the bricks from the outside or for cleaning out and other purposes; or the bricks may be kept in position by rims cast on the extremity of the recess in the form of lowest section represented at Figs. 7 and 8.

llavin g now described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent In a sectional boiler, the combination of the superposed sections, the cross-connecting tubes B, and the cross-tubes l3, connecting the tubes 13, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 22d day of November, 1888.

1 JAMES KEITI I.

Witnesses:

GEo. M. CRUIKSIIANK, Fol. Inst. .Pujenf Agents, U2 St. I'incc'nt Street,

i'lasgow.

WALLACE FAIIHVEA'JHER, C. .75., Fcl. Inst. Pu/cmfi Ayah/s, 32 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. 

